Why does an EA that looked amazing in backtest disappoint live?

This is the single most common heartbreak in automated trading, and it’s rarely because the EA is “fake”.

The usual culprits, in order: (1) the backtest used poor tick data or a 90% model instead of every-tick 99.9%; (2) spread and slippage on the live account are wider than the test assumed; (3) the parameters were curve-fit to the past — a profit factor above ~2.5 over many years is a red flag, not a selling point; (4) the live broker’s leverage/feed differs from the test.

The defense I trust: out-of-sample testing (optimize on the first half, validate on the untouched second half) and treating suspiciously perfect numbers with suspicion. What’s the biggest backtest-vs-live gap you’ve personally hit?